Arabic
When I remember, I'll be posting a new Arabic word. I'll be using this transliteration scheme: http://langs.eserver.org/qalam.txt example:عطار / `Taar = n. perfumer, perfume vendor, druggist
سنّ
sanna = v. to sharpen, whet, hone, grind
Arabic Personal Pronouns
Singular:
I - anaa, for example: anaa katabtu - I wrote.
thou (masculine) - anta, for example: anta katabta - thou wro-*test*-('").
thou (feminine) - anti, for example: anti katabti - thou wro-*test*-('").
he (masculine) - huwa, for example: huwa kataba - he wrote.
she (feminine) - hiya, for example: hiya katabat - she wrote.
Plural:
we - naHnu, for example: naHnu katabnaa - we wrote.
you (pl. masculine) - antum, for example: antum katabtum - you wrote.
you (pl. feminine) - antunna, for example: antunna katabtunna - you wrote.
you two (dual masc and fem) - antumaa katabtumaa - you two wrote.
they (masc) - hum, for example: hum katabuu - they wrote.
they (fem) - hunna, for example: hunna katabna - they wrote.
they two (dual masc) - humaa - humaa katabaa - they two wrote.
they two (dual fem) - humaa - humaa katabataa - they two wrote.
Note: The above are just examples in order to show how the pronouns and verbs are used. Normally, the pronoun is not used. Instead, the verb indicates the pronoun from its suffix, e.g., in the "katabtu" the suffix "tu" shows that it is the first person singular. Thus, no need to say the pronoun "anaa".
Personal pronouns are usually used as subjects of nominal sentences or again in questions to represent the subject. For example,
anaa Taalib - I am a student, and
hal anta ustaad? - Are you a teacher?
Possessive (attached) Pronouns
Certain suffixes are attached at the end of the words to make them possessive pronouns, e.g.,
Pronoun - Possessive attachment - Example:
I - iy - baytiy - my house
you (m) - ka - baytuka - your house
you (f) - ki - baytuki - your house
he - hu - baytuhu - his house
she - haa - baytuhaa - her house
we - naa - baytunaa - our house
you (masc pl.) - kum - baytukum - your house
you (fem pl.) - kunna - baytukum - your house
you two (masc and fem dual) - kumaa - baytukumaa - you two's house
they (masc pl.) - hum - baytuhum - their house
they (fem pl.) - hunna - baytuhunna - their house
they two (masc and fem dual) - humaa - baytuhumaa - they two's house
Attached pronouns with verbs
Everthing is same as the above. Only difference is that the -iy changes to -niy.
Arabic Demonstrative Pronouns
this (masculine, singular) - haadhaa, e.g., haadhaa-l thawr - this ox, or haadhaa thawr - This is an ox. Please be careful, "haadhaa-l thawr" is not a sentence. It is a phrase. But, "haadhaa thawr" is a complete sentence.
"haadhaa SiraaTun mustaqiymun" - this is a Straight Path (Qur'an, Yasin surah, ayat 61)
this (feminine, singular) - haadhihi, e.g., haadhihi-l baqaratu - this cow, or haadhihi baqaratu - this is a cow.
"haadhihi jahannamullatiy kuntum tuu'Aduuna" - this is hell which you were promised, (Qur'an, Yasin surah, ayat 63)
haa'ulaa'i (plural) - these, e.g., haa'ulaa'i-l-awlaadu - these boys.
that (masculine, singular) - dhaalika, e.g., dhalika-l thawru - that ox, or dhalika thawr - That is an ox.
"dhaalika taqdiyrul'Aziyzil'Aliym" - that is the Decree of the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing (Qur'an, Yasin surah, ayat 38)
that (feminine, singular) - tilka, e.g., tilka-l baqaratu - that cow, or tilka baqaratu - That is a cow.
'ulaa'ika (plural) - those, e.g., 'ulaa'ika-l-banaatu - those girls.
Note: plural Demonstrative Pronouns are only used for humans. For non-human plurals, the feminine singular is used.
Alternate source: http://arabic.speak7.com/arabic_pronouns.htm
I'll post something new in a day or two.
<y> are , I'm assuming...?
I'll be watching/peering in every once in a while. :D
Well, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_phonology this explains it pretty well and, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_transliteration .
I hope that helps.
-Sano
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Arabic/Basics_of_Conjugation
http://www.cedarseed.com/air/arabicverb.html
http://www.sacredlearning.org/classrooms/arabic/index.htm
Arabic cases:
The arabic language enumerates three cases: the nominative case called مَرفوع, the accusative case called مَنْصوب and the oblique case called مَجْرور.
The nominative مَرفوع case is the case of the subject and of the nominal predicate.
The accusative case مَنْصوب is mainly the case of the direct object but it has a host of other uses, like time and place complements.
The oblique case مَجْرور is mainly the case of the genitive construction; moreover most prepositions require the noun they refer to, to be declensed in this case.
The most common declinations are two: the first one presents three different suffixes for each case, the second one instead presents only two different suffixes, one for the the nominative case مَرفوع and only another one for the accusative مَنْصوب and oblique case مَجْرور. As said before, plurals of nouns are treated a bit differently, and will be discussed in a separate section.
The first declension:
Nominative case مَرفوع: if the noun is determinated, or definite, the noun takes at its end the Damm0: suffix ـُ i.e: "The book" = ألكِتابُ instead if the noun is undefinite it takes the Damm0: suffix plus the tanwin ـٌ i.e. "A book" = كِتَبٌ
Accusative case مَنْصوب: if the noun is determinated, or definite, the noun takes at its end the fat70: suffix ـَ i.e: "The book" = ألبَيْتَ instead if the noun is undefinite it takes the fat70: suffix plus the tanwin ـً i.e. "A book" a (female) teacher; = بَيْتًا مُدَرِّسَةً. Please notice the final alif in بَيْتًا which is only an ortographical sign and in this case it isn't read. All undefinite nouns in accusative case excepts those ending with "tA2 marbUt0:" must carry this final alif.
Oblique case مَجْرور: if the noun is determinated, or definite, the noun takes at its end the kasr0: suffix ـِ i.e: "The house" = ألبَيْتِ instead if the noun is undefinite it takes the kasr0: suffix plus the tanwin ـٍ i.e. "A book" a (female) teacher; = بَيْتًا مُدَرِّسَةً
The second declension:
READ WELL:This particular declension is followed by particular nouns and adjectives only when they are grammatically undefinite in the sentence. If the same nouns and adjectives, instead, aren't used undefinetely, they adopt the first declension explained above.
Tip: these nouns are signaled on dictionaries, and consequently in this online grammar, by suffixing a Damm0: sign to them.
Nominative case مَرفوع: the suffix for this case is the Damm0: ـُ
Accusative and Oblique case: the suffix for both these cases is the fat70: ـَ
Categories of nouns following the مَمْنُوع مِن الصَّرْف declension
* All geographical names not including the article in their names as لُبنانُ Lebanon, مَكَّةُ makkah, مِصْر Egypt, دِمَثْقُ Damascus, تُونِسُ Tunis, بَغْدادُ Baghad and others.
* All feminine proper names, except هِنْدٌ Hind, as فاطِمةُ Fatimah, مَرْيَمُ Maryam, نَوالُ Nawal, جَميلةُ Jameela, and others.
* Male proper names except those that can be used either as common names, adjectives or participles ( for instance جَمالٌ مُحَمَّدٌ which can also mean "beauty" and "much praised" )
* Proper names of non-arabic origin such as إنْراهيمُ Ibrahim or نابولتون Napoleon
* Male adjectives whose root is فُعْلانُ such as جَوْعانُ hungry, عَطْشانُ thirstyفَرْحانُ joyful, غَضْبانُ angry, نَعْسانُث sleepy and many more.
* Male adjectives whose root is أفْعَلُ used for comparatives and male and female color adjectives, whose feminine root is فَعْلى such as أكْنَرُ bigger, أصْغَرُ smaller, أحْمَرُ male red and حَمْرى feminine red, أزْرَقُ male azure and زَرْقى feminine azure, أصْوَدُ male black and صَوْدى feminine black أخْصَر male green and خَصْرى feminine green,أصْفَرُ male yellow and صَفْرى feminine yellow, أبْيَضُ male white and بَيْضى feminine white.
* Singular feminine nouns and adjectives ending with اء or ى only when these letter don't show in their roots as صَحْراءُ desert, عَدْراءُ virgin, دِكْرى memory, بُشْرى good news
* Many plural forms of adjectives and nouns, which are discussed in a separate chapter on plural forms.
-Sano
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_letters
Elision.
Arabic:
Lateralus by TOOL
Al-Aswad Wal Abyad Hom Kol Ma Shahadto Fee Toofoolati
Fatalahuma Al-Ahmar Wal Asfar, Mutajjihhina Nahwi
Yaj'alani 'Ushahid
Ma Huwa Asfali, Fawqi wa Amami; Atakhayyal
Ma Huwa Ba'idan 'An Nitaq Al-Mantiq
'Ikshuf 'An Al-Haqiqa, wa tarraqabha
Ba'da Al-Tama'un, wal Tafkir; In'azal Al-Jasad 'An Al-'Aql
Muhlikan Hadasi, Wa Mubthiran Taqati; Illa Annahu 'Alayya
An Un'isha 'Iradati Li Ash'ura Kula Lahtah Tatawara Khalfa Al-Anthar
Al-Aswad Wal Abyad Hom Kol Ma Shahadto Fee Toofoolati
Fatalahuma Al-Ahmar Wal Asfar, Mutajjihhina Nahwi
Yaj'alani Ushahid Al-Mazid wa Akthar
Wa yuharidanni 'ala al-nathar fee jami' al-ihtimalat
Ma Huwa Asfali, Fawqi wa Amami; Atakhayyal
Ma Huwa Ba'idan 'An Nitaq Al-Mantiq
'Ikshuf 'An Al-Haqiqa, wa tarraqabha
Ba'da Al-Tama'un, wal Tafkir; In'azal Al-Jasad 'An Al-'Aql
Muhlikan Hadasi, Wa Mubthiran Taqati; Illa Annahu 'Alayya
An Un'isha 'Iradati Li Ash'ura Kula Lahtah Tahuthuni 3ala takhati al-hudud
Muhawilan an ahtadin kul ma huwa 'adi
Wa atashabath fi kul ma yudrikuni
Atashabatho fi raghabati
Atashabatho fi raghabati
fil istimta' bil Alhan, wa ash'ur Ani qaribun jiddan li anhuba kal Armalah
fa Ata'athar wa ash'ur bil Quwwa, fa ara al-jamal
fa uda'ib miyah al-jadawil
wa ata'arjah fi al-'awasif
wa ata'arjah fi al-'awasif
'awasif ilahiyyah, dun an khsar insaniyyati
Muti'an qadamayya 'ala al-ard, ataraqas bayn al-aswat wa ushari' abawabi
li isti'abiha
Ithasassuha 3ala jasadi
Fa ata'alah wa antaliq; abhathu 3an kul ma huwa 'adi aw kul ma
yuthhiluni
Ayyu sha'in qad yuthhiluni
Wa sa'yan wara' irada wal riyah, nasil ila amakin lam yadrikuha ay ahad min qabl
Namtati al-mawjah hatta al-nihayah wa nasil ila amakin lam yudrikuha ay ahad min qabl
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
If you have a song that you've translated, post it, or if you have a song that you would like to see translated, I don't make any promises for speed, but I can be mostly accurate. :)
http://www.syrianarabic.com/
Came across this in Lisbon's Architectural Museum. Thought I'd share.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_transliteration
I am partial to the Qalam trans scheme also:
http://www4.ncsu.edu/~yahussai/A_E/
works well, and:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_Chat_Alphabet
is widely used in the Arabiya community
We have our pick really
shukran habibit
alsalam 3alikom wa ra7mato Allah wa barakatoh
Other options for typing Arabic:
http://instruct.uwo.ca/mod-lang/ar250/keyboard.html
http://www.indiana.edu/~arabic/typing_arabic.htm
http://www.uga.edu/islam/arabic_windows.html
http://www.freedownloadscenter.com/Best/arabic-typing.html
http://www.language.iastate.edu/main/center/forms/arabic.pdf
http://www.muhammadanism.org/Unicode/arabic_numerals.htm
http://www.topshareware.com/Arabic-Keyboard-Typing-Tutor-download-41225.htm
http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm
If you check out this site and download the mp3s you'll get a natspeaker saying different phrases, one of which IIRC, is a prayer including Allah. It you listen closely you'll hear the difference.
PS. The download might take a minute, but I think you'll be pleased with the amount of info you'll have.
PSS: While in Qatar, I was able to discern that the <ll> in Allah has an importance that rivals not taking the lords name in vain to Christians, it is an intense sound that every Muslim prides themselves on being able to produce.
http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/ipa/sounds.html
Here is another I found, quite nifty: http://languagelab.bh.indiana.edu/arabic_n181.html
I have some questions about your song translation. I looked up the English lyrics to the song and compared it to what you had in Arabic. I'm a learner of the language as well.
"Kol Ma Shahadto": I haven't heard of the phrase "kull maa". Are you trying to use "maa" as a relative pronoun? I think, though I am not positive, that it would be more correct to say "kull shahadtuhaa".
"Fatalahuma": I am not sure what verb this (talahuma) is, and shouldn't it end in a T, since the subject are two non-human things?
I'm not familiar with "yaj'alani"; I see that the -ni is the object suffix for "anaa", though I think it would make more sense for it to be "yaj'alani an ushahid", assuming that "yaj'alani" has a meaning of "allowing" or "letting".
FYI, the song is translated using a strong Lebanese base of vocab.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAvlimEYEpQ
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azaan#Text
That must have been a Sunni adhan, judging from the lack of certain recitations.
Yeah, I think so too, it doesn't specify though on the Youtube page.
http://www.artofthepen.com/
A really nice site.
When I remember, I'll be posting a new Arabic word. I'll be using this transliteration scheme: http://langs.eserver.org/qalam.txt example:
I hope that helps.
-Sano
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Arabic/Basics_of_Conjugation
http://www.cedarseed.com/air/arabicverb.html
http://www.sacredlearning.org/classrooms/arabic/index.htm
Arabic cases:
The arabic language enumerates three cases: the nominative case called مَرفوع, the accusative case called مَنْصوب and the oblique case called مَجْرور.
The nominative مَرفوع case is the case of the subject and of the nominal predicate.
The accusative case مَنْصوب is mainly the case of the direct object but it has a host of other uses, like time and place complements.
The oblique case مَجْرور is mainly the case of the genitive construction; moreover most prepositions require the noun they refer to, to be declensed in this case.
The most common declinations are two: the first one presents three different suffixes for each case, the second one instead presents only two different suffixes, one for the the nominative case مَرفوع and only another one for the accusative مَنْصوب and oblique case مَجْرور. As said before, plurals of nouns are treated a bit differently, and will be discussed in a separate section.
The first declension:
Nominative case مَرفوع: if the noun is determinated, or definite, the noun takes at its end the Damm0: suffix ـُ i.e: "The book" = ألكِتابُ instead if the noun is undefinite it takes the Damm0: suffix plus the tanwin ـٌ i.e. "A book" = كِتَبٌ
Accusative case مَنْصوب: if the noun is determinated, or definite, the noun takes at its end the fat70: suffix ـَ i.e: "The book" = ألبَيْتَ instead if the noun is undefinite it takes the fat70: suffix plus the tanwin ـً i.e. "A book" a (female) teacher; = بَيْتًا مُدَرِّسَةً. Please notice the final alif in بَيْتًا which is only an ortographical sign and in this case it isn't read. All undefinite nouns in accusative case excepts those ending with "tA2 marbUt0:" must carry this final alif.
Oblique case مَجْرور: if the noun is determinated, or definite, the noun takes at its end the kasr0: suffix ـِ i.e: "The house" = ألبَيْتِ instead if the noun is undefinite it takes the kasr0: suffix plus the tanwin ـٍ i.e. "A book" a (female) teacher; = بَيْتًا مُدَرِّسَةً
The second declension:
READ WELL:This particular declension is followed by particular nouns and adjectives only when they are grammatically undefinite in the sentence. If the same nouns and adjectives, instead, aren't used undefinetely, they adopt the first declension explained above.
Tip: these nouns are signaled on dictionaries, and consequently in this online grammar, by suffixing a Damm0: sign to them.
Nominative case مَرفوع: the suffix for this case is the Damm0: ـُ
Accusative and Oblique case: the suffix for both these cases is the fat70: ـَ
Categories of nouns following the مَمْنُوع مِن الصَّرْف declension
* All geographical names not including the article in their names as لُبنانُ Lebanon, مَكَّةُ makkah, مِصْر Egypt, دِمَثْقُ Damascus, تُونِسُ Tunis, بَغْدادُ Baghad and others.
* All feminine proper names, except هِنْدٌ Hind, as فاطِمةُ Fatimah, مَرْيَمُ Maryam, نَوالُ Nawal, جَميلةُ Jameela, and others.
* Male proper names except those that can be used either as common names, adjectives or participles ( for instance جَمالٌ مُحَمَّدٌ which can also mean "beauty" and "much praised" )
* Proper names of non-arabic origin such as إنْراهيمُ Ibrahim or نابولتون Napoleon
* Male adjectives whose root is فُعْلانُ such as جَوْعانُ hungry, عَطْشانُ thirstyفَرْحانُ joyful, غَضْبانُ angry, نَعْسانُث sleepy and many more.
* Male adjectives whose root is أفْعَلُ used for comparatives and male and female color adjectives, whose feminine root is فَعْلى such as أكْنَرُ bigger, أصْغَرُ smaller, أحْمَرُ male red and حَمْرى feminine red, أزْرَقُ male azure and زَرْقى feminine azure, أصْوَدُ male black and صَوْدى feminine black أخْصَر male green and خَصْرى feminine green,أصْفَرُ male yellow and صَفْرى feminine yellow, أبْيَضُ male white and بَيْضى feminine white.
* Singular feminine nouns and adjectives ending with اء or ى only when these letter don't show in their roots as صَحْراءُ desert, عَدْراءُ virgin, دِكْرى memory, بُشْرى good news
* Many plural forms of adjectives and nouns, which are discussed in a separate chapter on plural forms.
-Sano
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_letters
Elision.
Arabic:
Lateralus by TOOL
Al-Aswad Wal Abyad Hom Kol Ma Shahadto Fee Toofoolati
Fatalahuma Al-Ahmar Wal Asfar, Mutajjihhina Nahwi
Yaj'alani 'Ushahid
Ma Huwa Asfali, Fawqi wa Amami; Atakhayyal
Ma Huwa Ba'idan 'An Nitaq Al-Mantiq
'Ikshuf 'An Al-Haqiqa, wa tarraqabha
Ba'da Al-Tama'un, wal Tafkir; In'azal Al-Jasad 'An Al-'Aql
Muhlikan Hadasi, Wa Mubthiran Taqati; Illa Annahu 'Alayya
An Un'isha 'Iradati Li Ash'ura Kula Lahtah Tatawara Khalfa Al-Anthar
Al-Aswad Wal Abyad Hom Kol Ma Shahadto Fee Toofoolati
Fatalahuma Al-Ahmar Wal Asfar, Mutajjihhina Nahwi
Yaj'alani Ushahid Al-Mazid wa Akthar
Wa yuharidanni 'ala al-nathar fee jami' al-ihtimalat
Ma Huwa Asfali, Fawqi wa Amami; Atakhayyal
Ma Huwa Ba'idan 'An Nitaq Al-Mantiq
'Ikshuf 'An Al-Haqiqa, wa tarraqabha
Ba'da Al-Tama'un, wal Tafkir; In'azal Al-Jasad 'An Al-'Aql
Muhlikan Hadasi, Wa Mubthiran Taqati; Illa Annahu 'Alayya
An Un'isha 'Iradati Li Ash'ura Kula Lahtah Tahuthuni 3ala takhati al-hudud
Muhawilan an ahtadin kul ma huwa 'adi
Wa atashabath fi kul ma yudrikuni
Atashabatho fi raghabati
Atashabatho fi raghabati
fil istimta' bil Alhan, wa ash'ur Ani qaribun jiddan li anhuba kal Armalah
fa Ata'athar wa ash'ur bil Quwwa, fa ara al-jamal
fa uda'ib miyah al-jadawil
wa ata'arjah fi al-'awasif
wa ata'arjah fi al-'awasif
'awasif ilahiyyah, dun an khsar insaniyyati
Muti'an qadamayya 'ala al-ard, ataraqas bayn al-aswat wa ushari' abawabi
li isti'abiha
Ithasassuha 3ala jasadi
Fa ata'alah wa antaliq; abhathu 3an kul ma huwa 'adi aw kul ma
yuthhiluni
Ayyu sha'in qad yuthhiluni
Wa sa'yan wara' irada wal riyah, nasil ila amakin lam yadrikuha ay ahad min qabl
Namtati al-mawjah hatta al-nihayah wa nasil ila amakin lam yudrikuha ay ahad min qabl
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
Mawja tilwa al-ukhrah; namtati
If you have a song that you've translated, post it, or if you have a song that you would like to see translated, I don't make any promises for speed, but I can be mostly accurate. :)
http://www.syrianarabic.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_transliteration
I am partial to the Qalam trans scheme also:
http://www4.ncsu.edu/~yahussai/A_E/
works well, and:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_Chat_Alphabet
is widely used in the Arabiya community
We have our pick really
shukran habibit
alsalam 3alikom wa ra7mato Allah wa barakatoh
Other options for typing Arabic:
http://instruct.uwo.ca/mod-lang/ar250/keyboard.html
http://www.indiana.edu/~arabic/typing_arabic.htm
http://www.uga.edu/islam/arabic_windows.html
http://www.freedownloadscenter.com/Best/arabic-typing.html
http://www.language.iastate.edu/main/center/forms/arabic.pdf
http://www.muhammadanism.org/Unicode/arabic_numerals.htm
http://www.topshareware.com/Arabic-Keyboard-Typing-Tutor-download-41225.htm
http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm
If you check out this site and download the mp3s you'll get a natspeaker saying different phrases, one of which IIRC, is a prayer including Allah. It you listen closely you'll hear the difference.
PS. The download might take a minute, but I think you'll be pleased with the amount of info you'll have.
PSS: While in Qatar, I was able to discern that the <ll> in Allah has an importance that rivals not taking the lords name in vain to Christians, it is an intense sound that every Muslim prides themselves on being able to produce.
http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/ipa/sounds.html
Here is another I found, quite nifty: http://languagelab.bh.indiana.edu/arabic_n181.html